Such a small memory hardware, PC system is the most important and indispensable part of. For entry-users, may be from memory type, frequency, interface type impression of these simple parameters may be very vague, but for more in-depth small parameter of the memory timing is even more puzzled. For advanced players, the memory of some specific parameters is small enough to affect the entire system overclocking results and the final performance. If you do not want to rookie then, though not necessarily take a variety of parameter specifications eleven memorize, but at least have a basic understanding of other really need to use the time to check up and will not have no idea.
memory type
At present, the memory used in desktop platform mainly DDR1, DDR2 and DDR3 three, which has largely been DDR1 memory eliminated, while the DDR2 and DDR3 is mainstream.
DDR1 memory first generation DDR Memory
DDRSDRAM is DoubleDataRateSDRAM abbreviation is double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory means. SDRAM memory DDR memory is developed on the basis of, the continued use of SDRAM production system, so for the memory manufacturers, only production of common SDRAM devices for a little improvement, you can achieve the production of DDR memory, which can effectively reduce the costs.
DDR2 Memory The second generation of DDR memory
DDR2 memory is DDRSDRAM the second generation of products. It is based on DDR memory technology to be improved, thus the transmission faster (up to 800MHZ), lower power consumption, better thermal performance.
DDR3 memory third generation DDR
DDR3 memory compared to DDR2 has a lower operating voltage, from 1.8V of DDR2 landing to 1.5V, more power and better performance; DDR2 upgrade of 4bit 8bit pre-reading pre-reading. To 1600Mhz DDR3 highest speed, the current speed of the fastest DDR2 memory speed has been upgraded to 800Mhz/1066Mhz, which first DDR3 memory modules will take-off from the 1333Mhz.
between three types of DDR memory, from memory controller to the memory slots are not compatible. Even some support both types of memory, Combo motherboard, two sizes of memory can not work simultaneously, only one memory.
memory SPD chip memory SPD chip
SPD (SerialPresenceDetect): SPD is an 8-pin EEPROM (ElectricallyErasableProgrammableROM electric erasable programmable read-only memory), a capacity of 256 bytes, which preserved the memory of the main information such as capacity, chip manufacturers, memory module manufacturers, working speed. The contents of the SPD is generally written by the memory module manufacturers. The motherboard supports the SPD automatically when you start testing the SPD data and operating parameters in order to set the memory.
start the computer, the motherboard BIOS will read the SPD information, motherboard Northbridge chipset information will be based on these parameters to automatically configure the appropriate timing and working memory control register, which can give full play to the memory of performance. Prerequisite for achieving the above is in BIOS setup, set the memory option to “BySPD”. When the board can not be detected from the memory to the SPD information, it can only provide a more conservative configuration.
sense, SPD memory chip is to identify an important symbol of the brand. If the SPD within the parameters set unreasonable, not only can not play a role in memory optimization, but also cause system instability or even crash. Therefore, many common memory or compatible memory manufacturers in order to avoid compatibility problems, generally the work of the SPD in the memory parameter in a more conservative, thus limiting the memory performance of the full play. Worse, some unscrupulous manufacturers through a special reader device to change the SPD information to fool the computer test, is inconsistent with the actual data obtained to deceive consumers.
XMP technology support XMP technology XMP memory products in the BIOS settings
IntelExtremeMemoryProfiles called XMP, which is a technique to improve memory performance, technology and NVIDIA SLIMemory similar. Intel developed a IntelExtremeMemoryProfiles (IntelXMPSpecification), DDR3 memory will make certification chipset will automatically recognize the specified brand and certified memory modules specified model by increasing data throughput, increased bandwidth and other means to increase its performance.
Intel said that as the major future-oriented high-end platform, the technology does not appear in the DDR2 memory module, in order to use the “ExtremeMemory” technology, the first condition is to use DDR3 memory.
memory controller (MemoryController)
memory controller is a computer system memory and internal control by the memory controller to switch between memory and CPU an important part of the data. Memory controller can be used by the computer system determines the maximum amount of memory, memory BANK number, memory type and speed, memory depth and data width of the particle data so important parameter that determines the computer system memory performance, which also the overall performance of computer systems have a greater impact. Early memory controller integrated on the motherboard Northbridge
traditional computer system memory controller on the motherboard chipset North Bridge chip, CPU and memory to exchange data, need to go through “CPU – Northbridge – - Memory – Northbridge – CPU “five steps, in this mode of data transmission through the multi-level, data delay is clearly larger computer system which affects the overall performance; and AMD K8 series CPU (including Socket754/939/940 etc. interface to a variety of processors) within the integrated memory controller, CPU and memory on the data exchange process between the simplified “CPU – Memory – CPU” three steps, two steps omitted, and the traditional memory control program compared to the data clearly has a lower latency, which helps improve the overall performance of computer systems. AMD was the first memory controller on the desktop platform will be integrated in the CPU of Intel new Core Duo processor family also integrate the memory controller
CPU integrated memory controller inside the advantage is that we can effectively control the memory controller operates in CPU core with the same frequency, and because memory and CPU without going through the data exchange between the North Bridge, can effectively reduce the transmission delay. Analogy, it is like to move the goods directly to the warehouse next to the processing plant, greatly reducing the raw materials and finished goods warehouse and processing plant in the round-trip transportation between the time required, greatly improved production efficiency. As a system overall performance has improved.